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Problems in Roman Catholic Theology

As a Reformed Protestant, it should be no surprise that I have numerous problems with Roman Catholic theology. We actually agree on some things, such as the Real Presence of Christ in communion. Roman Catholics describe this process as transubstantiation whereas I prefer to keep it a mystery and eschew the outdated Aristotelian categories of accidence and substance. I also agree with Roman Catholics that all forms of birth control are Satanic. And I agree that abortion is sinful. So next, I’ll briefly go over some areas of Catholic Theology where I have the strongest disagreements.
Hamartiology
Here I discuss how Roman Catholic theology deals with sin. Catholics believe a person’s water baptism (which regenerates them) cleanses them of their sins and puts them in a state of grace. Were they to die in a state of grace they’d go to either Heaven or Purgatory. However, if someone sins and it’s serious enough (mortal sin) and they die not in a state of grace they will go to Hell, irrespective of their degree of sanctification and their walk with Christ. I disagree with the venial (minor) and mortal (major) sin distinction. I don’t find it to be biblical. All sin is serious, and even the least serious of sins can still send a person to Hell. Catholic theology does not adequately understand what Christ did on the cross. As a perfect propitiation for our sins, Christ paid the price of all of our sins, not just our past sins before we got regenerated, not just our current sins, but all of our sins including our future sins. I also disagree strongly with Roman Catholic theology that a believer can lose their salvation. In the lifetime of a typical Catholic, they will lose and regain their salvation in an almost endless cycle until they finally die. So they could repeat this cycle hundreds or even thousands of times! This undercuts the sufficiency of Christ’s atonement on the cross for us sinners.
Monarchical Episcopacy
There was no regal system of ecclesiastical power in the Roman Catholic church with the pope as the absolute head, until the 4th century when the state and church powers became closely enmeshed. There also were no cardinals. Roman Catholic theology claims this existed since the very early church in the 1st century AD. This claim is without historical proof.
Papal Supremacy
The office of the pope is extremely problematic. There is no support in Scripture for what is in effect a super bishop with supreme and unchallengeable authority, and possessing universal jurisdiction over the entire church. The early church was collegial with a 5 person pentarchy. One for each of the major cities where Christians were represented in the Roman Empire. There is nothing in Scripture that says that the bishop of Rome is to be in charge of all other bishops. Christ in Matthew 24 did not build His church on a fallible human being as Catholic theology asserts. Christ’s church was built on Peter’s confession that Christ is the rock. The majority of Church Fathers agree with this interpretation. A minority favor the Roman Catholic position. The Pentarchy consisted of the five ancient patriarchates of the undivided Church of the first millennium of her history, including the Churches of Rome, Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch, and Jerusalem. The apostle Peter was the bishop of Antioch, not Rome. The Eastern Orthodox church can make a very strong case that Rome did not exercise authority over the Eastern church.
Communion of the Saints
In Roman Catholic theology the saints in Heaven make intercession for us to God. They act as relays conveying requests from us on earth to God in Heaven. This doctrine has several problems. First, there is no evidence in Scripture that those who have died in Christ can hear our prayers (let alone thousands or even millions of prayers simultaneously). Second, it is unnecessary since Christ opened up direct access to God the Father for us. We are to pray in Christ’s Name and Father God will hear us. In my understanding, the saints in Heaven (and Scripture says all of us who are in Christ are saints) are praising and glorifying God continuously.
Mary as Mediator
In Roman Catholic theology, there are 3 types of worship: latria (for God alone), dulia (for the saints in Heaven), and hyperdulia (for Mary). These different types of worship are unbiblical. God alone is to be worshipped and venerated. Mary is a mere creature, she is not divine. Catholics view Mary as a mediator between us one earth and God in Heaven. It’s akin to the intercession of the saints we just described. However, Mary’s role is elevated. Her prayers on our behalf are considered especially efficacious for her unique position as the Mother of Christ the Lord. Unlike some Protestants, I have no problem with the title Mother of God. The logic is that Jesus is obligated to honor his mother and will not refuse her petitions on our behalf. Catholics cite the Wedding at Cana miracle (Christ’s first miracle of His public ministry) as proof that Christ will not refuse his mother. There are obvious problems with this logic. It is also blasphemous as it has Christ the King of Kings and Lord of Lords, the living Word of God, beholden and subservient to His mother. Jesus respected His mother the same as any other Jewish male was expected to. He did not elevate her to a special status, nor is it true that Christ cannot refuse our requests. We can go boldly directly to Christ with our petitions. We need no intermediaries, no matter their closeness to Christ.
For there is one God and one Mediator between God and men, the Man Christ Jesus
1 Timothy 2:5The Immaculate Conception of Mary
Roman Catholic theology teaches that Christ was not the only sinless human to ever walk the earth. Mary too, it asserts, was sinless! She was apparently saved from original sin defiling her at the moment of her conception. The rationale given is that Christ the perfect Messiah could not have entered the world through the womb of a sinful woman. There are several problems with this doctrine. First, there is no logical necessity that Mary is sinless to bear a sinless child. Mary, a sinless child, came forth from sinful parents, so by their own logic why can’t a sinless Christ come forth from a sinful Mary? It is also blasphemous to assert that any other human has the same unique status which Christ does. Scripture is clear that all men are sinners.
If we say that we have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and the truth is not in us.
1 John 1:8Well then, should we conclude that we Jews are better than others? No, not at all, for we have already shown that all people, whether Jews or Gentiles, are under the power of sin. As the Scriptures say,
“No one is righteous—
not even one.
No one is truly wise;
no one is seeking God.
All have turned away;
all have become useless.
No one does good,
not a single one.”
“Their talk is foul, like the stench from an open grave.
Their tongues are filled with lies.”
“Snake venom drips from their lips.”
“Their mouths are full of cursing and bitterness.”
“They rush to commit murder.
Destruction and misery always follow them.
They don’t know where to find peace.”
“They have no fear of God at all.”Obviously, the law applies to those to whom it was given, for its purpose is to keep people from having excuses, and to show that the entire world is guilty before God. For no one can ever be made right with God by doing what the law commands. The law simply shows us how sinful we are.
Romans 3:9-20The Ever Virginity of Mary
Roman Catholic theology teaches that Mary was a virgin before, during, and after bearing Jesus and that she and Joseph has no offspring together after Jesus was born. This is directly contradicted by more than a few Scriptures which explicitly mention the brothers and sisters of Jesus. I’ve seen many Catholics bristle in disgust at the mere thought that Joseph and Mary had children after Jesus was born like any other normal healthy Jewish couple! This shows how unbiblical their thinking is when it comes to marrying. Sex between husband and wife is good and is not sinful. The creation mandate set forth by God is that man be fruitful and multiply. See Matt. 12:46; 13:55; Mark 6:3; John 2:12; 7:3, 5, 10; Acts 1:14; 1 Cor. 9:5; Gal. 1:19. So this notion that Mary was a perpetual virgin is absolutely false. Scripture even explicitly mentions that Mary and Joseph had conjugal relations after Jesus was born.
When Joseph awoke from sleep he did what the angel of the Lord told him. He took his wife, 1:25 but did not have marital relations with her until she gave birth to a son, whom he called Jesus.
Matthew 1:24,25The Assumption of Mary
Roman Catholic theology further teaches that at the end of her natural life Mary was assumed bodily into Heaven. There is disagreement on whether she was actually alive or dead when this happened. This doctrine is without biblical support.
Infallible Magisterium
The Roman Catholic church teaches that the teaching authority of the church (the Magisterium) is infallible. There is nothing in Scripture that indicates or promises our interpretation of Scripture will be protected from error and is infallible. By our very nature, we see through a glass darkly. We are fallible people. I believe the clear and direct meaning of Scripture can be discerned by anyone who is literate, by following good hermeneutical principles. I believe we can have confidence we get the majority of biblical theology correct. But there is still the chance we could be wrong in our interpretation of certain parts of Scripture. The fact is that we all have a magisterium. Rome’s magisterium is the teachings of the various popes throughout history, the opinions of the Church Fathers, and the beliefs of the bishops. It is this select group of fallible men that the Roman Catholic church trusts. We Reformed also have a magisterium of the theology of the magisterial Reformers, certainly respected theologians whether ancient or contemporary, our pastors, elders, and our seminary professors. But we have a distinct difference with Roman Catholics. We believe in Sola Scriptura, that Scripture is the highest and our only infallible authority. Rome has no such guiding structure to inform their theology. They rely heavily on tradition.
Role of Tradition
Roman Catholic theology places Tradition on the same level of authority as Scripture. This is obviously problematic. There is no such teaching in Scripture. What is really being elevated is the fallible traditions of men (man-made). By placing Tradition on such a high level all manner of unbiblical practices has crept into the church. I have challenged Catholics to name one Tradition that they can demonstrate can be directly traced to an Apostle. Catholics claim there are many things the Apostles and even Jesus taught which were passed on orally and never written down. There is no way to verify or differentiate true from false teaching in this scheme. Plus we know from Scripture that when we are told to hold fast to tradition it is describing what was written down under the divine inspiration of the Holy Spirit. Jesus said we can make the Word of God of no effect by our traditions (cf. Mark 7:13).
Apocrypha
The so-called deuterocanonical are disputed books (7 additional books beside the 66 books Protestant canon) which the Roman Catholic church includes in their canon, and Protestants do not. I have read these books and they are clearly not inspired by Scripture. They contain historical inaccuracies, contradictions, and blasphemous heresies such as the prayers for the dead. We Reformed absolutely reject these. We favor the 66 books biblical canon which the Jews attested to. It is claimed by Roman Catholic apologetics that Jesus and the Apostles quoted from the Septuagint (the Old Testament translated from Hebrew to Greek). But there were different versions of the Septuagint and the one Christ used did not contain the spurious Apocrypha! Further, no book written in Greek was ever accepted by the Jews. See the council of Jamnia.
Purgatory
Roman Catholic theology teaches that there are two possible destinations or states for a person when they die. They will either go to Heaven, or to a place called purgatory. So named because in this place their sins’ corrosive effect on their soul is purged away. This doctrine is absolutely unbiblical. It is an affront on the sufficiency of Christ’s sacrifice on the cross for our sins! Scripture is clear that for a believer in Christ to be absent the body, is to be present with the Lord.
Exclusivity
The Roman Catholic church teaches that it is the one true church. And that Protestants belong to “ecclesial communities” which are inferior to the Catholic church, and which are not themselves legitimate churches. This is absolutely cult-like teaching! We Reformed believe in the invisible Church. It is comprised of all those who have been regenerated by grace alone through faith alone whether they belong to Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, or Protestant churches. Many are called but few are chosen Scripture says. Broad is the path to damnation, and narrow the one to salvation. The sad reality is that the vast majority of people who make up the institutional church are Hellbound false converts who were never regenerated!
Justification
We Reformed believe justification is the moment God declares a sinner righteous based solely on Christ’s sacrifice on the cross. This happens through double imputation (penal substitutionary atonement). Our sins are imputed to Christ, and His perfect righteousness is imputed to us. This act is forensic and juridical. It is a one-time act. Roman Catholic theology, on the other hand, teaches that justification is both an act and a process. Final justification, in their view, doesn’t happen until they died and their good works are weighed in judgment by Christ. This teaching is absolutely unbiblical. One major problem in Roman Catholic theology is that it conflates justification with sanctification. Sanctification is the lifelong process whereby God sanctifies us and we are made holy. It is distinct from justification.
Conclusion
I have presented my main contentions with Roman Catholic theology. It is clear that, in many points, Roman Catholic theology departs from the sound teaching of the Scriptures. This heresy must be strongly opposed. I still recognize select Roman Catholics as my brothers and sisters in Christ (just as I recognize select Eastern Orthodox and even select Protestants), but as a church, in the sense that it continues, via Trent, to anathematize the true gospel of salvation by grace alone through faith alone, it constitutes a false church in direct opposition to God’s Word. If you’d like to give feedback (whether positive or negative) please post a comment below. Thank you.
Apocrypha, Assumption, atonement, Bible, Catholicism, Christianity, Church, Communion of Saints, Council of Trent, criticism, deuterocanonicals, double imputation, faith alone, grace alone, Hamartiology, Immaculate Conception, infallible Magisterium, intercession, Jesus Christ, justification, Magisterium, Mary, Mediator, Monarchical Episcopacy, Papal Supremacy, Perpetual Virginity, pope, Protestant, PSA, Purgatory, Reformed, Reformers, Roman Catholic, sanctification, Scripture, sin, Sola Gratia, Solda Fide, theology, tradition, Trent, veneration, worship -
Atrocities in Ukraine

I just read this press announcement by the Russian Foreign Ministry! It seems the Zelenskyy nationalist government of Ukraine is using banned weapons to attack the 2 breakaway regions of DPR and LPR! They’ve killed over 13,000 civilians in these regions and destroyed numerous homes and buildings in the past 8 years. The “Zelenskyy is a brave hero representing righteous Ukraine” is a false narrative! Stop being brainwashed by Western biased media! The Ukrainian government is the aggressor, not Russia! Russia is defending its citizens.
14 March 2022 19:34
Russian Foreign Ministry statement on Ukraine’s strike on Donetsk
506-14-03-2022At 11:30 am on March 14, Ukrainian forces hit a residential neighbourhood in Donetsk with a Tochka-U tactical missile with a cluster munition warhead prohibited under international law. Although intercepted by air defence, preventing catastrophic losses, the downed missile still landed on the peaceful city and killed 20 and seriously wounded 28 people, including children, women and seniors.
The DPR leadership has called it an act of terror.
Such strikes are sanctioned by the country’s leadership at the highest level. We strongly condemn this atrocity committed by the Kiev regime. It confirms again that the nationalist government of Ukraine intends to continue waging war on the civilians of the DPR and the LPR, as it has already been doing with its punitive operation in Donbass for the last eight years. Kiev has apparently decided to launch missiles at completely innocent people as revenge for its defeats during Russia’s special military operation to defend the DPR and the LPR. We are clearly witnessing the death throes of the Ukrainian authorities.
On behalf of the people and leadership of our country, the Foreign Ministry conveys its deep condolences to the families and friends of the dead, as well as to the government of the Donetsk People’s Republic, and wishes a speedy recovery to the wounded. We are confident that this crime against humanity will not go unpunished.
https://www.mid.ru/en/press_service/spokesman/official_statement/1804180/After the dissolution of the USSR, the United States promised Russia that NATO would not expand any closer to the Russian border. Yet in June of 2020, Ukraine joined NATO’s “enhanced opportunity partner interoperability program”. While this is not the same as becoming a member of NATO, it gives NATO a specific interest in Ukraine, and it is difficult to conceive that this can be anything but concerning to Russia, which cannot possibly welcome even an increased cultural pressure from the decadent West, let alone an increasing military and economic threat. It is Ukraine who provoked Russia to respond, at the behest of America and EU, the NATO powers!
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Faith in Action
This poem was inspired by my dearest sister Vi! Thanks!
My thoughts are troubled and disjointed
But this too was appointedI need not fear
For God is nearAs close as my very heart
He promised to not ever departSo amidst the mental chaos, I am calm
God’s Word is a soothing balmEverything will be ok for me
Because Christ set me free -
Men left behind

Men have fallen way behind women for college/university attendance and graduation rates. This has been a 40-year trend.
Men are abandoning higher education in such numbers that they now trail female college students by record levels.
At the close of the 2020-21 academic year, women made up 59.5% of college students, an all-time high, and men 40.5%, according to enrollment data from the National Student Clearinghouse, a nonprofit research group. U.S. colleges and universities had 1.5 million fewer students compared with five years ago, and men accounted for 71% of the decline.
This education gap, which holds at both two- and four-year colleges, has been slowly widening for 40 years. The divergence increases at graduation: After six years of college, 65% of women in the U.S. who started a four-year university in 2012 received diplomas by 2018 compared with 59% of men during the same period, according to the U.S. Department of Education.
In the next few years, two women will earn a college degree for every man, if the trend continues, said Douglas Shapiro, executive director of the research center at the National Student Clearinghouse.
No reversal is in sight. Women increased their lead over men in college applications for the 2021-22 school year—3,805,978 to 2,815,810—by nearly a percentage point compared with the previous academic year, according to Common Application, a nonprofit that transmits applications to more than 900 schools. Women make up 49% of the college-age population in the U.S., according to the Census Bureau.
“Men are falling behind remarkably fast,” said Thomas Mortenson, a senior scholar at the Pell Institute for the Study of Opportunity in Higher Education, which aims to improve educational opportunities for low-income, first-generation and disabled college students.
American colleges, which are embroiled in debates over racial and gender equality, and working on ways to reduce sexual assault and harassment of women on campus, have yet to reach a consensus on what might slow the retreat of men from higher education. Some schools are quietly trying programs to enroll more men, but there is scant campus support for spending resources to boost male attendance and retention.
The college gender gap cuts across race, geography and economic background. For the most part, white men—once the predominant group on American campuses—no longer hold a statistical edge in enrollment rates, said Mr. Mortenson, of the Pell Institute. Enrollment rates for poor and working-class white men are lower than those of young Black, Latino and Asian men from the same economic backgrounds, according to an analysis of census data by the Pell Institute for the Journal.
https://www.wsj.com/articles/college-university-fall-higher-education-men-women-enrollment-admissions-back-to-school-11630948233#=There are now over 1 million more female college students than males, 59.5% of all college students, even though females are only 49% of the population. This is a direct result of a feminist culture that devalues men and supports females. All my life I’ve heard from educators, journalists, professors, and pundits how women are oppressed and need special affirmative action to make it. All the way that women were being favored, men were ignored! This is Satanic. God’s plan for mankind is for the man to work and the female to be a homemaker. There are valid exceptions to this rule, but it should hold true for most people.
One of the saddest things about men being left behind academically is that no one seems to care. There is very little discussion of this disparity between women and men in the media, in academia, from politicians, K-12 educators, or from pastors. You won’t see widespread calls for affirmative action to help men as you saw with minorities or with women. Men will continue to fall behind. It’s a real tragedy. We live in a culture that hates biblical values for men. Patriarchy is attacked as being misogynist and sexist, racist and it’s declared by feminists as unworkable in modern society. We, as Christians, must stand up for biblical values. We must value men and their important role as husbands, fathers, and workers. We must demand that this achievement gap be addressed and solutions implemented.
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A St. Patrick’s Day Poem

Minard Castle, Dingle Peninsula, Kerry, Ireland On this day so full of mirth
I think of Christianity in Ireland’s birth
Brave Patrick forged the way
Preaching the Gospel to the pagans, a bold new foray
The Celtic cross stands strong
With shamrock in bloom we sing this song
Modernism and secularism – Satan’s wile
Is attacking the faith in the Emerald IsleBut God’s Word shall forever stand
In this green and pleasant landFaithful parents are raising their children the right way
To fear and love the Lord everydayLet the church bells ring and the uilleann pipes too
Christ reigns forever, may this land He renew
Alas, I think of Grammy, my Irish grandma
She’s smiling in Heaven as we sing “Erin go bragh!”

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1980s Medley
Here are 3 songs I was listening to this morning through Alexa on our Echo Dot smart speaker.
First Song
The first song is “Don’t You Forget About Me” by the Scottish rock band Simple Minds. It was released on February 20, 1985. The song was featured in the movie “The Breakfast Club.” It became a number 1 hit in the US in May 1985. “The Breakfast Club” was enormously successful and fueled the song’s popularity.
Lyrics
Hey, hey, hey, hey
Ooh, woahWon’t you come see about me?
I’ll be alone, dancing you know it, baby
Tell me your troubles and doubts
Giving me everything inside and out and
Love’s strange so real in the dark
Think of the tender things that we were working on
Slow change may pull us apart
When the light gets into your heart, babyDon’t you forget about me
Don’t don’t don’t don’t
Don’t you forget about meWill you stand above me
Look my way, never love me
Rain keeps falling, rain keeps falling
Down, down, down
Will you recognise me
Call my name or walk on by
Rain keeps falling, rain keeps falling
Down, down, down, downHey, hey, hey, hey
Ooh, woahDon’t you try to pretend
It’s my feeling we’ll win in the end
I won’t harm you or touch your defenses
Vanity, insecurity ahDon’t you forget about me
I’ll be alone, dancing you know it baby
Going to take you apart
I’ll put us back together at heart, babyDon’t you forget about me
Don’t don’t don’t don’t
Don’t you forget about meAs you walk on by
Will you call my name?
As you walk on by
Will you call my name?
When you walk away
Oh will you walk away?
Will you walk on by?
Come on, call my name
Will you call my name?I say:
La la la…When you walk on by
And you call my name…Second Song
The second song is “Out of Touch” by Hall & Oates. They dominated the 1980s with one hit after another. It was released on October 4, 1984. The song was a number 1 hit on the charts in the US. I remember when this song came out. I was 9 years old. I didn’t understand all the lyrics then, but I loved the song then and love it even more now as an adult. By the way, many younger gamers know this song because it was featured in the video game Grand Theft Auto: Vice City (2002).
In a 1985 interview with the New York City Tribune, John Oates, who came up with the original idea for the song and wrote the chorus, explained the importance of the line in the song, “We’re soul alone and soul really matters to me”:
“‘Don’t lose your soul’ is one of our central themes. Soul matters. Roots matter. They’re the source of your power, your core, the energy that sets you apart from the molecules in the wallpaper.”
Lyrics
Shake it up is all that we know
Using the bodies up as we go
I’m waking up to fantasy
The shades all around
Aren’t the colors we used to see
Broken ice still melts in the sun
And times that are broken
Can often be one again
We’re soul alone
And soul really matters to me
Take a look aroundYou’re out of touch
I’m out of time (time)
But I’m out of my head
When you’re not around
You’re out of touch
I’m out of time (time)
But I’m out of my head
When you’re not around
Oh, oh-oh, oh
Oh, oh-oh, ohReaching out for something to hold
Looking for a love
Where the climate is cold
Manic moves and drowsy dreams
Or living in the middle
Between the two extremes
Smoking guns hot to the touch
Would cool down
If we didn’t use them so much
We’re soul alone
And soul really matters to me
Too muchYou’re out of touch
I’m out of time (time)
But I’m out of my head
When you’re not around
You’re out of touch
I’m out of time (time)
But I’m out of my head
When you’re not around
Oh, oh-oh, oh
Oh, oh-oh, oh…(Out of touch)
Out of touchYou’re out of touch
I’m out of time (time)
But I’m out of my head
When you’re not around
You’re out of touch
I’m out of time (time)
But I’m out of my head
When you’re not around..Third Song
The third and final song in my medley is “Your Love” by the English rock band The Outfield. It was released on February 14, 1986. It’s a New Wave, power pop and pop rock song.
Josie’s on a vacation far away
Come around and talk it over
So many things that I want to say
You know I like my girls a little bit older
I just wanna use your love tonight
I don’t wanna lose your love tonightI ain’t got many friends left to talk to
No one’s around when I’m in trouble
You know I’d do anything for you
Stay the night but keep it undercover
I just wanna use your love tonight, whoa
I don’t wanna lose your love tonightTry to stop my hands from shakin’
Somethin’ in my mind’s not makin’ sense
It’s been awhile since we were all alone
I can’t hide the way I’m feelin’As you leave me, please, would you close the door?
And don’t forget what I told you
Just ’cause you’re right, that don’t mean I’m wrong
Another shoulder to cry upon
I just wanna use your love tonight, yeah
I don’t wanna lose your love tonight
Yeah, I just wanna use your love tonight
I don’t wanna lose your love tonight
I just wanna use your love tonight
I don’t wanna lose your love tonight(Lose your love)
(Lose your love)
Tonight (Lose your love)
I don’t wanna lose (Lose your love tonight)
I don’t wanna, I don’t wanna, I don’t wanna (Lose your love tonight)
No, no (Lose your love tonight)
(Lose your love tonight)
No, no (I don’t wanna lose your love tonight)
(Lose your love tonight) -
Justification: by works or by faith?

Justification by faith alone (Sola Fide) is the sine qua non (the essential thing without which it cannot be) of the Protestant Reformation. It is this doctrine upon which the Reformation stands or falls. However, there is sharp disagreement with the Roman Catholic church on this topic. What does the Bible say? Who is more faithful to Scripture on this matter, the Reformers or Rome?
According to Scripture, justification (how a sinner is made in right standing before God) is a free, unmerited gift. It is not earned. Believers are justified by God “as a gift by His grace” (Romans 3:24). If our justification is done by God by grace then “it is no longer on the basis of works, otherwise, grace is no longer grace” (Romans 11:6). As we can see, God doesn’t ask sinners to work for justification, but rather, to believe. God justifies “the one who has faith in Jesus” (Romans 3:26).
However, the Roman Catholic church teaches that justification by faith without works is heresy:
If anyone says that the faith which justifies is nothing else but trust in the divine mercy, which pardons sins because of Christ’ or that it is that trust alone by which we are justified: let him be anathema.
Council of TrentAn anathema means one is damned and it outside the Body of Christ.
Rome says faith alone is insufficient grounds for justification [CCC 1815-1816]:
If anyone says that the sinner is justified by faith alone, meaning thereby that no other cooperation is required for him to obtain the grace of justification, and that in no sense it is necessary for him to make preparation and be disposed by a movement of his own will: let him be anathema.
Council of TrentRome is keenly aware that the Apostle Paul explicitly lists faith as the only necessary response for justification (Romans 3:26, 3:28; 4:3; 5:1). It recognizes that its condemnation of justification by faith as a gift requires some further explanation:
When the Apostle says that a person is justified by faith and as a gift, those words are to be understood in the sense which the perennial consent of the catholic church has maintained and expressed, namely, that we are said to be justified by faith because faith is the first stage of human salvation, the foundation and root of all justification, without which it is impossible to please God and come to the fellowship of His children.
Council of TrentIt should be noted that nowhere in the apostle Paul’s writings, nor anywhere else in the New Testament, does it say that faith is merely the “first stage” leading to ultimate justification. When Rome calls the first stage of salvation faith, and good works the second stage, it ignores the fact that the Scriptures explicitly and emphatically say that good works have no role in justification. This is a huge problem of textual interpretation. It is clear that concerning the justification of a believer Rome engages in eisegesis of the related texts and imposes her own manmade interpretation upon the Scriptures. This is wrongly handling the Word of God.
But to him who does not work but believes on Him who justifies the ungodly, his faith is accounted for righteousness
Romans 4:5So, as we have seen, according to the Scriptures, the sole requirement for justification is faith which Rome denies.
Now let’s look at a Scripture that Rome uses to refute the Protestant doctrine of justification by faith alone:
You see then that a man is justified by works, and not by faith only.
James 2:24At first sight, this verse might seem to support Rome’s claim that faith and works must precede justification in adult believers. [CCC 161-162, 1248, 1815]. However, as we shall see, when this verse is interpreted in its proper context, Rome’s claim is without support.
James was not writing to a group of unbelievers or catechumens. His audience was people already professing to be Christians. He knew that some of them were living in wanton sin and that their actions didn’t match up with the faith they espoused. He reminds them that living and mature faith will be accompanied by good works, which God has prepared for us. James hoped that these hypocrites would re-evaluate how they are living, and would start living in a moral way, consistent with the faith they claim.
Let’s step back and look at the larger context of James 2:24. It is a vital component of a 13 verse long discussion viz. James 2:14-26. The passage opens with 2 questions James wants his readers to consider.
What does it profit, my brethren, if someone says he has faith but does not have works? Can faith save him?
James 2:14In other words, if a person claims to have faith, but you don’t see good works evident in his life, is that person truly saved? Do they have genuine faith?
In the subsequent verses, James shows that true faith will be accompanied by good works. A faith that is only all words, and no actions, is “dead” (James 2:17) and “useless” (James 2:20). James uses Abraham as an example of a person who had genuine faith accompanied by good works. This brings us to the second question James wanted us to consider:
Was not Abraham our father justified by works when he offered Isaac his son on the altar?
James 2:21James’ answer to the question is yes. In Genesis 22 Abraham, being obedient to God, went to sacrifice his beloved son Isaac on the altar. His actions demonstrated Abraham to be a righteous man of real and active faith. It is in this context that James declares “You see then that a man is justified by works, and not by faith only” (James 2:24).
A very important point to note here is that this verse did not describe how Abraham was justified by God. We see in Genesis 15 that when God promised Abraham his descendants would be as numerous as the stars in heaven, Abraham believed in God.
And he believed in the Lord, and He accounted it to him for righteousness.
Genesis 15:6It’s clear from Scripture that Abraham was justified before God before he demonstrated good works (sacrificing Isaac). The ground of God’s justification of Abraham was his belief. Responding to Abraham’s faith, the Lord credited righteousness to Abraham’s account. God declared him to be righteous simply because he believed, and for no other reason. The apostle Paul confirms this point:
For if Abraham was justified by works, he has something to boast about, but not before God. For what does the Scripture say? “Abraham believed God, and it was accounted to him for righteousness.”
Romans 4:2,3Despite Rome’s claims, James 2:14-26 does not establish works righteousness, nor does it describe how to prepare oneself for baptismal regeneration (justification), which is itself another fallacious doctrine. The subject of these verses is the type of faith that saves, of living faith as opposed to dead faith (James 2:17). It’s about a faith demonstrated by good works. He challenges us “Show me your faith.” just as Abraham did (James 2:18).
In summation, we see that works play no role whatsoever in our justification (a juridical act), but they do play a role in our sanctification. Sadly, Rome conflates justification with sanctification. Scripture makes it clear that they are two distinct processes.
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1980s British Bands + Elvis
Always Something There to Remind Me
Here are two 1980s songs, by two different British bands that I really like.
The first is “Always Something There to Remind Me” by Naked Eyes. This less well-known New Wave song was a great example of synth-pop. I should point out that this song makes good use of church bells.
Lyrics
I walk along the city streets you used to walk along with me
And every step I take reminds me of just how
We used to beWell, how can I forget you girl
When there is always something there to remind me?
Always something there to remind meAs shadows fall, I pass a small cafe where we would dance at night
And I can’t help recalling
How it felt to kiss and hold you tightWell, how can I forget you girl
When there is always something there to remind me?
Always something there to remind meI was born to love her
And I will never be free
You’ll always be a part of me
Oh whoa whoa whoaIf you should find you miss the sweet and tender love we used to share
Just come back to the places where we used to go
And I’ll be thereWell, how can I forget you girl
When there is always something there to remind me?
Always something there to remind meI was born to love her
And I will never be free
You’ll always be a part of me‘Cause there is always something there to remind me
Always something there to remind meAlways something there to remind me
Always something there to remind me
Always something there to remind me
Always something there to remind meAlways something there to remind me
Always something there to remind me
Always something there to remind meAlways On My Mind
The second song is “Always On My Mind” released on November 30, 1987, by the British group Pet Shop Boys. This is another New Wave song featuring synth-pop. Their song is very upbeat and has a faster tempo than the Elvis Presley cover of this song. I think, although I really enjoy the Pet Shop Boys’ rendition, I prefer the Presley which has a richer tone and expresses more feeling.
Lyrics
Maybe I didn’t treat you quite as good as I should
Maybe I didn’t love you quite as often as I could
Little things I should’ve said and done, I never took the time
You were always on my mind
You were always on my mindMaybe I didn’t hold you all those lonely, lonely times
And I guess I never told you, I’m so happy that you’re mine
If I made you feel second best, I’m so sorry, I was blind
You were always on my mind
You were always on my mindTell me, tell me that your sweet love hasn’t died
Give me one more chance to keep you satisfied
SatisfiedLittle things I should’ve said and done, I never took the time
You were always on my mind
You were always on my mindTell me, tell me that your sweet love hasn’t died
Give me one more chance to keep you satisfiedYou were always on my mind
You were always on my mind
You were always on my mind
You were always on my mind
You were always on my mind
You were always on my mindMaybe I didn’t treat you quite as good as I should
Maybe I didn’t love you quite as often as I could
Maybe I didn’t hold you all those lonely, lonely times
And I guess I never told you, I’m so happy that you’re mine(Maybe I didn’t love you…)
Elvis
Elvis Presley recorded the song on March 29, 1972, a few weeks after his separation, in February, from his beloved wife Priscilla whom Elvis would later say was the only true love of his life. You can hear the pain and longing in Presley’s rendition of this song. It’s a brilliant performance.


