• Alleluia, He is risen!

    Just outside of Jerusalem
    Took place the greatest event of all time
    A supreme act so sublime

    ‘Twas a hot afternoon
    On that blessed hill of Calvary
    Where Christ died to set men free

    Christ’s suffering was a perfect atonement
    An expiation
    For all our sin

    On that rocky soil of Golgotha
    Did Jesus’ blood flow
    He endured more than any man could know

    Jesus bore the full weight
    Of God’s wrath for our sin
    Such an amazing propitiation

    At 3pm, after 6 agonizing hours
    Of torment on the cross
    Came the ultimate pathos

    Jesus cried out “It is finished!”
    And gave up His spirit freely
    Christ’s lifeless body hung there quietly

    Was this the end of the God Man?
    Had Satan triumphed gleefully?
    Had death won a victory?

    Christ was buried in a humble tomb
    A large stone covered the entrance
    Guards were posted off chance

    On the third day
    A blinding light filled the tomb
    It was the first child of Mary’s womb

    Christ had resurrected
    Defeating Satan, sin, and death
    It was not a dream, He had breath

    Jesus Our Lord and Savior is alive
    He reigns supreme over all
    Will you repent and answer the Gospel call?

    Christ paid my ransom
    The Lamb of God shed His blood
    Though my sins were like a great flood

    Oh happy day
    My sins were forgiven
    I was adopted as one of God’s children

    Because of Christ’s sacrifice
    ‘Tis Death to whom I will not surrender
    I shall live forever with Jesus my Redeemer

    by Zachary Uram
    (c) 2023

  • Towards a Godly Theocracy: Enlightenment Secular Ideals, or God’s Word to Govern Us

    Background

    In this article, I discuss what an ideal theocracy would look like, and why I think a modified theonomy within the context of a constitutional theocracy is the best model for Christian governance. To that end, I posit that the Golden Age in America was during the 17th and early 18th centuries when the Puritans reigned supreme under a functioning theocracy!

    Our Founders sadly attached themselves to Enlightenment-era ideals such as inclusiveness, equality, multiculturalism, and tolerance for other religions besides Christianity. These put Satanic and demonic false religions on equal footing with Christianity before the law and in popular culture. It was the single biggest mistake our Founders made IMHO. Rather than a pluralistic and secular republic based on a Constitution of certain rights, we should have had a Christian Theocracy based on God’s Law!!!

    Historically, we can see that homogeneous societies did the best in preserving language, culture, and religion. Just look at the Han people in China for a great example.

    Other religions

    Scripture says that false religions are demonic, so we should give them no respect or footing in society.

    During the Golden Age of America, the Colonies were around 99% Christian. Today America is just 65% Christian (adults) according to results of a 2020 survey by the Pew Research Center. It is projected in the next 30 years we will no longer have a Christian majority in America! Sadly the vast majority of “Christians” in America today are Christians in name only. Whereas the vast majority of Christians in Puritan times were genuine believers.

    Today, there are over 3 million Muslims in America, millions of Buddhists, millions of Hindus, and tens of millions of atheists and agnostics. This is untenable and wicked!!!

    Judicial and legislative tyranny.

    Over time the Supreme Court has tyrannically mocked God’s law and allowed all manner of abominations to become the law of the land. Similarly, since God’s law wasn’t enshrined and codified as the sole basis of our legal system, Congress has been able to pass numerous ungodly laws.

    Our sources

    We would use the Old Testament legal code as our basis, but we’d also incorporate New Testament teachings, and we’d be able to modify it and allow additional laws such as the Puritans did. I don’t mean to forbid wearing mixed fabrics, ban the consumption of pork, or stone to death a disobedient child! The modified theonomy would take into account our Christian freedoms.

    America desperately needs a Christian theocracy, with God’s Word as the rule of law (theonomy), to rescue us from the cesspool of immorality and degeneracy we’ve become!

    WHAT IS “THEONOMY”? The position which has come to be labeled “theonomy” today holds that the word of the Lord is the sole, supreme, and unchallengeable standard for the actions and attitudes of all men in all areas of life. It also teaches that since the fall it has always been unlawful to use the law of God in hopes of establishing one’s own personal merit and justification. Commitment to obedience is but the lifestyle of faith, a token of gratitude for God’s redeeming grace. Jesus said, “if you love Me, you will keep My commandments” (John 14:15). Moreover, we will strive to teach others to observe whatever He has commanded us (Matt. 28:18-20). Such healthy and necessary moral standards are surely not burdensome to the believer who bows to Christ as the Lord (1 John 5:3).Theonomy views God’s laws directing moral behavior to be a reflection of His unchanging character; such laws are not arbitrary, but objectively, universally, and absolutely binding. It is God’s law that “you are to be holy because I am holy” (1 Peter 1:16, citing Leviticus). The law may not be criticized or challenged by us. It is “holy, righteous and good” (Rom. 7:12). This moral law was revealed to Israel in oracles and ordinances, but even the Gentiles show the work of the law upon their hearts and know its ordinances from the natural order and inward conscience (Rom. 1:32; 2:14-15). Who, then, is under the authority of God’s law? Paul answers “all the world” (Rom. 3:19).The law revealed by Moses and subsequent Old Testament authors was given within a covenantal administration of God’s grace which included not only moral instruction, but gloriously and mercifully “promises, prophecies, sacrifices, circumcision, the paschal lamb, and other types and ordinances delivered to the people of the Jews, all foresignifying Christ to come” (Westminster Confession of Faith VII.5). God’s revelation itself teaches us that New Covenant believers, who have the law powerfully written on their hearts, no longer follow the foreshadows and administrative details of the old covenant. They are obsolete (Heb. 8:13), having been imposed only until the time when the Messiah would come (Heb. 9:10; Col. 2:17). Theonomy teaches, then, that in regard to the Old Testament law, the New Covenant surpasses the Old Covenant in glory, power, and finality.Theonomy also teaches that civil rulers are morally obligated to enforce those laws of Christ, found throughout the Scriptures, which are addressed to magistrates (as well as to refrain from coercion in areas where God has not prescribed their intervention). As Paul wrote in Romans 13:1-10, magistrates—even the secular rulers of Rome—are obligated to conduct their offices as “ministers of God,” avenging God’s wrath against criminal evil-doers. They will give an account on the Final Day of their service before the King of kings, their Creator and Judge.

    https://www.amazon.com/Theonomy-Christian-Ethics-Greg-Bahnsen/dp/0967831733

    “The Word of God is a seamless garment, and men who deny its law deny its eschatology also, and are deprived of God’s power. It is not surprising, therefore, that this is an era of impotence for the church.”
    ― Greg L. Bahnsen, Theonomy in Christian Ethics

    God’s Law is Christianity’s tool of dominion. This is where any discussion of God’s law ultimately arrives: the issue of dominion. Ask yourself: Who is to rule on earth, Christ or Satan? Whose followers have the ethically acceptable tool of dominion, Christ’s or Satan’s? What is this tool of dominion, the bibically revealed law of God, or the law of self-proclaimed autonomous man? Whose word is sovereign, God’s or man’s?Millions of Christians, sadly, have not recognized the continuing authorigy of God’s law or its many applications to modern society. They have thereby reaped the whirlwind – cultural and intellectual impotence. They implicitly have surrendered this world to the devil. They have implicitly denied the power of the death and resurrection of Christ. They have served as footstools for the enemies of God. But humanism’s free ride is coming to an end. This book serves as an introduction to this woefully neglected topic.

    https://www.amazon.com/This-Standard-Authority-Gods-Today/dp/0998025216/

    Historical context

    What would a godly theonomy in the context of a theocratic state look like?

    We have a plethora of examples in the history of Christian theocracies from the time of the Roman Empire in the 4th century when Emperor Constantine made Christianity the official religion of the empire. Later examples would include Charlegmagne and in Europe various kings and queens who ruled via monarchies (both Roman Catholic and Protestant). I think a monarchy is a good way to have a theonomy, but the danger lies in having a bad leader who is beholden to no one but themselves. I think having a functioning theocracy within the context of the rule of law institutionalized in the constitution is a better model. So America could easily have adopted such a model, and some Founders were fighting for it, but sadly they lost out to the more liberal factions who wanted a big umbrella type government that was religion agnostic and didn’t favor one religion over another.

    Some Founders and their relatives had suffered under bad theocracies (whether monarchies such as England or nation-state theocracies like in Geneva) so they weren’t eager to subject themselves to that experience again. In other words, they, in my view, threw out the baby with the bath water! You can have bad constitutional republics, bad democracies, bad monarchies, and bad nation-state theocracies. I think our Founders could have come up with something that mirrored our current government in many ways, yet with some key differences that didn’t separate church and state.

    What it looks like – a constitutional theocracy

    So let’s get down to the nuts and bolts of my ideal theocracy:

    • Education: it would be done by the parents directly or they would attend a state school. 12 years of education is mandatory. Higher education through universities would be regulated to keep costs down and would have merit-based scholarships and grants. ALL education whether homeschooling or at state schools would be Christian in nature and follow a carefully crafted set of curricula. Unlike our current Ivy League schools which were founded as Christian institutions but degenerated over time into liberal secular institutions, all universities would be strictly Christian. Any action by a student or professor which contradicted agreed-upon Christian standards would be immediately removed and barred for life. Education in the disciplines of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) would be highly encouraged and supported by the state.
    • Industry: it would also be Christian in nature. Workers would be paid a fair wage and there would be no need of labor unions as the law would require those supplying the capital to follow strict standards. Marxism and communism would be strictly forbidden.
    • Healthcare: it would follow the biblical model and be affordable and universal. No one should have to go without high-quality healthcare because of their income. Note: this healthcare is only available to citizens.
    • Social services: since workers would be paid a livable and fair wage there would be much less demand for social services such as cash welfare, food stamps, section 8 housing, Medicare, Medicaid, SSDI, SSI, and Social Security. Only citizens would be eligible for social services. Only Christians can be citizens. Those who through no fault of their own cannot work such as those with a physical or mental disability would be provided for and receive the median income which would be calculated at the close of each fiscal year.
    • Births: Out-of-wedlock births (that is bastards who are born outside of marriage) would be practically zero since strict biblical morality would be enforced. This would alleviate a great strain on social services. Any woman found to be pregnant out of wedlock would be sterilized after the baby was born and sentenced to 10 years of hard labor in a women’s prison. If she was impregnated against her will such as in the case of rape she would face no penalty and the man would be executed. Abortion would be illegal with no exceptions permitted. If a woman consents to an abortion she will be executed along with the person who performed the abortion. Killing an innocent life requires the death penalty.
    • Crime and punishment: we would have very little crime (whether white or blue collar each would be punished harshly) due to a very stringent criminal code. Murder, kidnapping, selling drugs, treason, rape, child sexual abuse, selling or creating pornography, assaulting a soldier or police officer, physical abuse of someone who is elderly, embezzlement, predatory loaning, and various financial crimes which undermine our financial institutions, such as insider trading, Ponzi schemes, etc., and put our economic health at risk, all would face swift capital punishment. Those found guilty would have 30 days to appeal. Only one appeal would be possible. If still found guilty after an appeal the criminal would be executed by either public hanging or guillotine as the criminal prefers. There would be very few prisons. Those caught using illegal drugs (all drugs would be illegal as codified at the federal level unless they serve a clear medical benefit. Marijuana would be illegal in all states) would serve 10 years in hard labor in a prison. Three strikes law for repeat offenders: if one is sentenced 3 times for illegal drug use they would be executed.
    • Elderly: they would receive a livable pension beginning at age 60. They would return to their proper place of dignity and honor as the respected elders of our families and society. Multi-generational living would be highly encouraged such that the children would have their parents live with them.
    • Home ownership: property rights would be protected in the constitution. Homeownership would be greatly encouraged. Housing costs would be regulated by the government. Every hard-working American would be able to buy their own home if they so wished.
    • Farming & Agriculture: it would be highly encouraged. Those who wish to begin farming or agriculture would be given 500 acres. Large-scale industrial farming would be forbidden.
    • Dollar: we will have a sound fiscal policy with the value of a dollar indexed to the gold standard.
    • Budget: a balanced budget will be a must.
    • National debt: some debt will be permissible, provided it is paid back within 4-5 years. But nothing extraordinary as we see in America today.
    • Military: we would have a strong military, mandatory 5 years conscripted service for all healthy males age 18-30.
    • Foreign policy: America would stop being the world’s police. We spend far too much money and it costs far too many lives for so very few gains. We would only go to war if we were attacked first. There would be no NATO or UN. We would have select allies such as Japan and Taiwan that we would defend were they to be invaded. We would continue to support our dear brother Israel.
    • Trade: we would have robust trade, but not at the expense of the American worker. Globalism would be off the table.
    • Children: From a young age children would be taught the importance of family. Men would be trained to work and provide for their future families whether through top quality trade schools, direct apprenticeships, or university. Women would be trained to be wives and mothers. They will learn how to clean, cook, sew, tend to livestock, also they would receive a top quality education in their 12 years in school so they could teach their children. The government would have various incentives to encourage large families such as tax credits, money towards buying a house, and reduced cost university or trade school education for their children.
    • Painting/music/the arts: the arts would be supported by the state, and outstanding musicians, composers, painters, sculptors, etc. would be funded. The content of the arts would be biblical.
    • Taxes: there would be a flat income tax of 10%. State and local taxes would also exist, yet they would not be too great a burden for the average worker.
    • Property tax: no property taxes, it is unconstitutional since one never truly owns their home and the home can be seized if property taxes are not paid. Education would be funded 100% by parents. This would also provide a strong incentive for homeschooling.
    • Decency code for entertainment and all media: there would be a strict decency code, that affirms biblical values, which required all movies, TV shows, radio programs, newspapers, books, podcasts, live streams, videos, and video games must adhere to in order to be sold. This means media such as pornography, most rap music, and most rock music would be strictly forbidden.
    • Borders: America’s borders would be enforced and defended to the highest degree, besides physical barriers we’d utilize ground based sonar, minefields, lasers, moats and a network of CCTV cameras. Also we would have a special department of border security that would employ a minimum of 200,000 to 400,000 agents to defend our borders.
    • Citizenship: children born to illegal immigrants within the confines of the US would not be granted citizenship. Citizenship would be restricted solely to natural born citizens and legal immigrants. Note only Christians would be eligible for immigration. If someone renounces Christianity they would be sentenced to life in prison doing hard labor.
    • Language: English would be the official language of America. It would be forbidden for any entity whether government, military, or business to offer printed or audio/video of any language for instruction besides English, this doesn’t apply to those students who are studying foreign languages.
    • Seminary: qualified candidates would be selected by either their pastors or through an application filled out by their parents to begin preparation for seminary at the age of 17. Costs would be fully covered by the state.
    • Church building: I read that Saudi Arabia has built 800 mosques in the US to spread the Wahhabi version (teaches Jihad) of Islam. The US had just 100 mosques in 1970 and as of 2020, the number had exploded (pardon the pun!) to 2,769. Yet, not a single Christian church has been allowed in Saudi Arabia. Under my proposed theocracy the state would be a 50/50 partner in building churches. Churches would raise half of the initial funds and the state would match the rest. The state would also cover the costs of expanding churches, renovations, and demolition of old decrepit churches.
    • Evangelism: The state would work with the churches to identify and train the best we have for evangelism abroad. Costs of training materials, learning new languages, food, housing, and transportation costs would be directly subsidized by the state.
    • Economic model: We would utilize a free market-driven economy, yet not a Laissez-Faire one where market forces are allowed to act no matter what may come, and corruption sets in such as in crony capitalism which is what we currently have in America. I am in favor of a modified free market economy akin to what China currently has where there is state support for industry and policies in place which actively support and grow the economy. Currency protection would also be in place.

    Some select quotes

    “With its continued dismissal of the law of God in ethics, Fundamentalism expressed both a “spiritualized” form of situational ethics and a “Christianly submissive” statism.”
    ― Greg L. Bahnsen, Theonomy in Christian Ethics

    “If we will not have inscripturated morality from God as our sociopolitical standard, we have no principle to protect us from those who wish to play god.”
    ― Greg L. Bahnsen, Theonomy in Christian Ethics

    Dr. Van Til taught us that “There is no alternative but that of theonomy and autonomy” (Christian-Theistic Ethics, p. 134). Every ethical decision assumes some final authority or standard, and that will either be self-law (“autonomy”) or God’s law (“theonomy”). While unbelievers consider themselves the ultimate authority in determining moral right or wrong, believers acknowledge that God alone has that position and prerogative. The position which has come to be labeled “theonomy” today thus holds that the word of the Lord is the sole, supreme, and unchallengeable standard for the actions and attitudes of all men in all areas of life. Our obligation to keep God’s commands cannot be judged by any extrascriptural standard, such as whether its specific requirements (when properly interpreted) are congenial to past traditions or modern feelings and practices.

    Greg Bahnsen from What Is “Theonomy”?

    Theonomy can be defined simply as adherence to God’s law, which would make all Christians, especially Reformed Christians, into theonomists. Here I define the term more narrowly as a school of thought within Reformed theology which prefers literal, specific, and detailed applications of Mosaic civil laws to modern civil government. The word “prefers” gives us some leeway. At points, the theonomists, like the rest of us, apply the law only in general and non-literal ways. But they tend more than the rest of us to prefer the specific and the literal.

    John Frame from Penultimate Thoughts on Theonomy

    “The civil magistrate cannot function without some ethical guidance, without some standard of good and evil. If that standard is not to be the revealed law of God… then what will it be? In some form or expression it will have to be the law of man (or men) – the standard of self-law or autonomy. And when autonomous laws come to govern a commonwealth, the sword is certainly wielded in vain, for it represents simply the brute force of some men’s will against the will of other men.”
    ― Greg Bahnsen

    “The negative penalties of the Old Testament case laws were not harsh but just, not a threat to society but rather the necessary judicial foundation of civic freedom… the Old Testament was harsh on criminals because it was soft on victims.”
    ― Gary North, Victim’s Rights: The Biblical View of Civil Justice

    Those who hold to the Christian faith see law as an ultimate order of the universe. It is the invariable factor in a variable world, the unchanging order in a changing universe. Law for the Christian is thus absolute, final, and an aspect of God’s creation and a manifestation of His nature. In terms of this, the Christian can hold that right is right, and wrong is wrong, that good and evil are unchanging moral categories rather than relative terms.

    From an evolutionary perspective, however, we have a very different concept of law. The universe is evolving, and the one constant factor is change. It is impossible therefore to speak of any absolute law. The universe has evolved by means of chance variations, and no law has any ultimacy or absolute truth. As a result when we talk about law, we are talking about social customs or mores and about statistical averages. Social customs change, and what was law to the ancient Gauls is not law to the modern Frenchmen. We can expect men’s ideas of law to change as their societies change and evolve. Moreover, statistics give us an average and a mean which determine normality, and our ideas of law are governed by what is customary and socially accepted.

    R.J. Rushdoony, Law and Liberty

    “If no divine law is recognized above the law of the State, then the law of man has become absolute in men’s eyes–there is then no logical barrier to totalitarianism.”
    ― Greg L. Bahnsen, By This Standard: The Authority of God’s Law Today

    “The future of the family is thus at stake in the future of the private ownership of property. And both rest alike on respect for the sovereign law of God.”
    ― Rousas John Rushdoony, Law and Liberty

    A great deal of our time will have to be taken up with the destruction of evil. We may not even seem to see much progress in ourselves or round about us, during our lifetime. We shall have to build with the trowel in one hand and the sword in the other. It may seem to us to be a hopeless task of sweeping the ocean dry. Yet we know that this is exactly what our ethical ideal would be if we were not Christians. We know that for non-Christians their ethical ideal can never be realized either for themselves or for society. They do not even know the true ethical ideal. And as to our own efforts we know that though much of our time may have to be taken up with pumping out the water of sin, we are nevertheless laying the foundation of our bridge on solid rock, and we are making progress toward our goal. Our victory is certain. The devil and all his servants will be put out of the habitable universe of God. There will be a new heaven and a new earth on which righteousness will dwell.

    Rousas John Rushdoony, By What Standard? An Analysis of the Philosophy of Cornelius Van Til
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  • Covenant Theology vs Dispensationalism: Towards a Definition of Reformed Essentials

    Introduction

    Covenant Theology (CT) and dispensationalism (D) are both frameworks created by man to understand and make sense of Scripture (both the Old Testament and New Testament). They are meta-systems of analysis and synthesis. Think of them as interpretive grids. Theological propositions or rather truths are distilled into a framework that aids in understanding the complexities of Scripture. They are thus determinative in one how interprets Scripture. They are not hermeneutics, but rather they can utilize hermeneutics to aid in being faithful to Scripture and arriving at the correct understanding.

    In this blog post, I will contrast CT and D and talk about some of their strengths and weaknesses. Further, I make a case for why CT is not essential to Reformed theology, and why dispensationalists can be recognized as belonging to Reformed theology. There has been, sadly, much elitism and bigotry by CT adherents towards dispensationalists.

    Covenant Theology

    In CT, there are 3 main covenants (a theological construct that defines man’s relationship with God):

    • the covenant of works
    • the covenant of grace
    • the covenant of redemption

    To be brief, the covenant of works encapsulates the way to salvation through perfectly obeying God. So obedience was key. This operated in the Old Testament under the Mosaic law. The covenant of grace is the path to salvation whereby believers are covered by the blood of Christ, who keeps the covenant of works on our behalf. This is salvation by grace alone, through faith alone, in Christ alone. The covenant of redemption is between Christ and the Father, where Christ assents to pay for the sins of His people – the Church.

    Dispensationalism

    On the other hand, D is, as I said, an interpretive method that classifies our relationship with God, and His work and purposes, as best understood as occurring through several distinct periods of time. A dispensation can be thought of as the particular means God uses to deal with His creation and mankind during a particular period/epoch in redemptive history. The classical dispensationalist position puts emphasis on the glory of God as manifested in the various epochs of world history. Dispensational theologians differ on the precise number of dispensations, but the majority of scholars, both now and historically, define 7 distinct dispensations:

    The first dispensation is called the Dispensation of Innocence (Genesis 1:28-30 and 2:15-17). This dispensation covered the period of Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden. In this dispensation God’s commands were to (1) fill the earth with children, (2) subdue the earth, (3) have dominion over the animals, (4) care for the garden, and (5) abstain from eating the fruit from the tree of knowledge of good and evil. God warned of the punishment of physical and spiritual death for disobedience. This dispensation came to an end when Adam and Eve disobeyed in eating the forbidden fruit and were expelled from the garden.

    The second dispensation is called the Dispensation of Conscience, and it lasted about 1,656 years from the time of Adam and Eve’s eviction from the garden until the flood (Genesis 3:8–8:22). This dispensation demonstrates what mankind will do if left to his own will and conscience, which have been tainted by the inherited sin nature. The five major aspects of this dispensation are 1) a curse on the serpent, 2) a change in womanhood and childbearing, 3) a curse on nature, 4) the imposing of difficult work on mankind to produce food, and 5) the promise of Christ as the seed who will bruise the serpent’s head (Satan).

    The third dispensation is the Dispensation of Human Government, which began in Genesis 8. God had destroyed life on earth with a flood, saving just one family to restart the human race. God made the following promises and commands to Noah and his family:

    1. God will not curse the earth again.
    2. Noah and family are to replenish the earth with people.
    3. They shall have dominion over the animal creation.
    4. They are allowed to eat meat.
    5. The law of capital punishment is established.
    6. There never will be another worldwide flood.
    7. The sign of God’s promise will be the rainbow.

    Noah’s descendants did not scatter and fill the earth as God had commanded, thus failing in their responsibility in this dispensation. About 325 years after the flood, the earth’s inhabitants began building a tower, a great monument to their solidarity and pride (Genesis 11:7-9). God brought the construction to a halt, creating different languages and enforcing His command to fill the earth. The result was the rise of different nations and cultures. From that point on, human governments have been a reality.

    The fourth dispensation, called the Dispensation of Promise, started with the call of Abraham, continued through the lives of the patriarchs, and ended with the Exodus of the Jewish people from Egypt, a period of about 430 years. During this dispensation God developed a great nation that He had chosen as His people (Genesis 12:1Exodus 19:25).

    The basic promise during the Dispensation of Promise was the Abrahamic Covenant. Here are some of the key points of that unconditional covenant:

    1. From Abraham would come a great nation that God would bless with natural and spiritual prosperity.
    2. God would make Abraham’s name great.
    3. God would bless those that blessed Abraham’s descendants and curse those that cursed them.
    4. In Abraham all the families of the earth will be blessed. This is fulfilled in Jesus Christ and His work of salvation.
    5. The sign of the covenant is circumcision.
    6. This covenant, which was repeated to Isaac and Jacob, is confined to the Hebrew people and the 12 tribes of Israel.

    The fifth dispensation is called the Dispensation of Law. It lasted almost 1,500 years, from the Exodus until it was suspended after Jesus Christ’s death. This dispensation will continue during the Millennium, with some modifications. During the Dispensation of Law, God dealt specifically with the Jewish nation through the Mosaic Covenant, or the Law, found in Exodus 19–23. The dispensation involved temple worship directed by priests, with further direction spoken through God’s mouthpieces, the prophets. Eventually, due to the people’s disobedience to the covenant, the tribes of Israel lost the Promised Land and were subjected to bondage.

    The sixth dispensation, the one in which we now live, is the Dispensation of Grace. It began with the New Covenant in Christ’s blood (Luke 22:20). This “Age of Grace” or “Church Age” occurs between the 69th and 70th week of Daniel 9:24. It starts with the coming of the Spirit on the Day of Pentecost and ends with the Rapture of the church (1 Thessalonians 4). This dispensation is worldwide and includes both Jews and the Gentiles. Man’s responsibility during the Dispensation of Grace is to believe in Jesus, the Son of God (John 3:18). In this dispensation the Holy Spirit indwells believers as the Comforter (John 14:16-26). This dispensation has lasted for almost 2,000 years, and no one knows when it will end. We do know that it will end with the Rapture of all born-again believers from the earth to go to heaven with Christ. Following the Rapture will be the judgments of God lasting for seven years.

    The seventh dispensation is called the Millennial Kingdom of Christ and will last for 1,000 years as Christ Himself rules on earth. This Kingdom will fulfill the prophecy to the Jewish nation that Christ will return and be their King. The only people allowed to enter the Kingdom are the born-again believers from the Age of Grace, righteous survivors of the seven years of tribulation, and the resurrected Old Testament saints. No unsaved person is allowed access into this kingdom. Satan is bound during the 1,000 years. This period ends with the final judgment (Revelation 20:11-14). The old world is destroyed by fire, and the New Heaven and New Earth of Revelation 21 and 22 will begin.

    https://www.gotquestions.org/seven-dispensations.html

    CT adherents would claim CT is derived from Scripture and are the only proper way to view Scripture. I believe this assertion is false. D also provides a means of understanding Scripture. It is rooted in Scripture and no dispensationalist I’ve encountered would claim this is exclusively the only way to interpret Scripture.

    Hermeneutics

    Hermeneutics are vitally important. They consist of various rules or processes one employs in analyzing Scripture to find the correct meaning of the various texts. Both CT and D tend to use different hermeneutics, sometimes radically so.

    My preferred hermeneutic is contextual literalism applied within the framework of D. Here is a blog post of mine which explains what it is:

    Also, here are some principles and rules I believe aid greatly in defining a solid hermeneutic:

    A great example that illustrates the differences between CT and D is the case of the relationship between Israel and the Church. CT adherents say that the Church has replaced Israel. Some balk at that choice of words and prefer to say that the Church expanded the role of Israel. But the simple fact is that if you assert that the Church has replaced Israel (known as supersessionism) you believe that all the specific and explicit promises God made to Israel were fulfilled in the Church.

    This is simply a bad way to interpret Scripture. Doing theological gymnastics to explain away the clear and direct promises of God to a particular people is very wrong. Israel and the Church are distinct. God is not yet done with Israel.

    We see how important hermeneutics are as they color how we see Scripture.

    Historically the vast majority of Reformed scholars and pastors have followed CT as their framework of choice for interpreting Scripture. Nearly all who follow CT use hermeneutics which haven a heavy emphasis on interpreting Scripture symbolically using various literary devices such as allegory and metaphor.

    Further, CT adherents’ hermeneutic asserts what is called New Testament priority. This is the belief that the New Testament is best understood as the fulfillment of the Old Testament and that the New Testament promises and covenants were either fulfilled in the New Testament under Christ or the Church. Thus the Old Testament is interpreted in light of the New Testament.

    I believe this interpretive approach used by CT adherents is fraught with problems. For one there is nothing in Scripture that asserts that the Old Testament must be interpreted in light of the New Testament. Certain passages will, but not as a blanket rule. Also, I believe it is deeply wrong to allegorize or spiritualize passages of Scripture that the author intended as literal. One example is the 1,000-year Millennial reign of Christ on earth. CT adherents would assert that this was never meant as a literal period of 1,000 years and they’ll claim various interpretations.

    Dispensationalism uses a historical-grammatical-cultural hermeneutic as the preferred lens for interpreting Scripture. A hermeneutic of contextual realism, which I favor, says that we must interpret Scripture in a clear and literal way (not wooden literalism such as asserting Christ is a literal door) unless the context *clearly* indicates it is better understood in an allegorical/symbolic/metaphorical way. The authorial intent behind the texts can be obscured or even obliterated and twisted to mean something completely different depending on what hermeneutic one employs.

    CT adherents will say that CT is defined by/derived from Scripture and thus as they assert that the regulative principle is the only biblically faithful way to worship God and is part of Reformed theology, they also assert that CT is the only biblically faithful way to interpret Scripture in an overall framework. I disagree with both assertions. I believe one can follow D and still be Reformed. We both believe our interpretive system is warranted from Scripture, yet either CT or D one is wrong, or even both could be wrong.

    Historical pedigree

    By the way, I should note that D doesn’t deny the existence of covenants in Scripture. We just don’t believe that covenants are the overarching framework of redemptive history. Both CT and D were present in nascent forms in earlier periods of church history. Some adherents of CT assert that CT was present in the Early Church Fathers and that D didn’t exist until the 19th century. This type of assertion betrays great ignorance. D existed in various degrees in the 17th and 18th centuries as documented in the book “Dispensationalism Before Darby“, by William C. Watson. In fact, if we dig deeper and look further back in history we find that D existed in the Patristic period including the Early Church. This is brilliantly demonstrated in the book “Ancient Dispensational Truth: Refuting the Myth that Dispensationalism is New“, by James C. Morris.

    Interestingly, there is strong evidence that both CT and D, in explicit forms, with the theology more fully fleshed out can be traced to the 17th century! In the case of CT it originated with Reformed theologian Johannes Cocceius (1609–1669).

    Despite the historical evidence I’ve seen numerous times CT adherents denigrate D and falsely assert it originated with Darby in the 19th century. They also falsely assert that CT existed in explicit forms in the Early Church Fathers. This simply is not true. While it’s true that D existed in a proto or incomplete state in the Early Church Fathers it was both much more fully matured and cited much more in extant historical documents than CT.

    Covenant Theology boasts

    CT adherents like to make slogans such as:

    • “Covenant theology is nothing more or less than the theology of the Bible.”
    • “Reformed theology is covenant theology.”

    Both of these slogans are bare assertions unsupported by Scripture. In fact, such assertions betray an ignorance as to what exactly a framework like CT or D is. They are higher-order systems of interpretation based on logical deduction and inference of Scripture. It’s akin to claiming a college biology book that describes our cells as the same thing as the cellular structures in our bodies. This is clearly fallacious.

    Now I’ll talk about why I believe one can indeed be Reformed and utilize D as their preferred interpretive framework.

    Reformed Essentials

    Since CT is extrinsic to Scripture it is not an essential of Reformed theology. What is essential to Reformed theology is a Calvinistic soteriology and the 5 Solas of the Reformation. D is also extrinsic to Scripture. One should be free to choose their interpretive framework of choice and still be recognized as Reformed. I see these 2 distinctive as the essential ingredients of Reformed theology. CT is an ancillary doctrine.

    It should be noted that the sine qua non of Reformed theology is man glorifying God in all things. That is precisely the essence of dispensationalism.

    Eschatology

    By the way, the most popular eschatology of Reformed believers is amillennialism. Dr. Walvoord demonstrates in the article “Amillennialism in the Ancient Church” that amillennialism didn’t exist until the close of the 2nd century. Whereas premillennialism, the preferred eschatology of dispensationalists, can be traced back to the very Early Church in the 1st century. Amillennialism was fleshed out by Augustine in his book the City of God completed in 426 AD. It soon became the de facto position of the Roman Catholic church. Sadly the Reformers inherited this eschatology from the Catholic church and they didn’t go far enough in reforming to jettison this position.

  • BACH: Fantasia Super: Komm, Heiliger Geist, Herre Gott, BWV 651

    FULL POWER!!! The overwhelming opening of Fantasia Super: Komm, Heiliger Geist, Herre Gott, performed by Leo van Doeselaar for All of Bach, refers almost literally to the opening lines of Acts 2 from the Bible, which say about Pentecost: “And when the day of Pentecost fully came, they were all with one accord in one place. And suddenly there came a sound from heaven as of a mighty rushing wind, and it filled all the house where they were sitting. And there appeared unto them cloven tongues like as of fire, and it sat upon each of them. And they were all filled with the Holy Ghost, and began to speak with other tongues, as the Spirit gave them utterance”.

    The underlying melody, which Bach used for various Pentecost cantatas, is heard in the pedal, but only after the drone of a sustained note (a ‘pedal point’) has resounded in our ears.

    Then – with short interruptions – we are presented with the whole chorale melody, which remains a beacon of tranquillity in the midst of the notes tumbling over one another in the upper parts. As in the much shorter original version of this chorale, which most probably originated in Weimar, Bach imaginatively draws on many different compositions. He does so, for instance, in his fervent illustration of the commotion of ‘speaking in tongues’, to which the words of the chorale also refer. Finally, all the turbulence ends in a short but powerful hallelujah.

    18 Choräle/Leipziger Choräle, BWV 651-668

    In the last ten years of his life, Bach gathered together and completed a series of chorale arrangements, presumably planning to have them published, just like the third part of the Clavier-Übung in 1739. It concerns a selection of his compositions from much earlier years when he was working as an organist in Weimar, Arnstadt and Mühlhausen. The collection became known as the 18 Choräle or Leipziger Choräle. Incidentally, 18 Choräle is a misleading title, as the set originally comprised 17 pieces. The eighteenth, Vor deinen Thron tret ich (BWV 668), was added to Bach’s manuscript later on.

    Recorded for the project All of Bach on October 21st 2014 at St Catharine’s Church, Hamburg.

  • Diablo

    From Heaven Satan fell
    I heard the death knell

    Pride led him to revolt
    For all his intelligence he was a dolt

    He desired to be like God completely
    To have supreme sovereignty

    He was the chief archangel of light
    Now he’s full of blight

    Satan is our adversary
    But in Christ we have victory

    The Devil prowls like a hungry beast
    Looking for souls on which to feast

    He despises man
    We are part of God’s plan

    Man alone was chosen for redemption
    The fallen angels were excluded without exemption

    In Christ we triumph over Satan
    Our joy is overladen

  • BACH: Ein feste Burg ist unser Gott, BWV 80

    This sacred cantata by Bach is a combative cantata written for Reformation Day (October 31st) as a battle song of the Reformation. Military references are found not just in the words, but in the music as well, built up by Bach over the years.

    I love Bach’s masterful use of word painting in this cantata.

    This cantata can be interpreted as a literal battle cry urging physical combat, or it can be seen as calling each Christian, who is a spiritual soldier in God’s Army, to combat sin, both in ourselves and as we find it in the world, in others.

    In the seventeenth century, there were closer links between music and warfare than nowadays. A soldier with a flute was a cliché in the sixteenth century. This connection was due in part to metaphors about belief and battle that were set to music; metaphors that had only recently become merely metaphorical. In Bach’s day the thirty-year war had only just ended – in 1648 – and this war trauma was still fresh in everyone’s memory.

    This militancy is seen primarily in the words of the cantata Ein feste Burg ist unser Gott: in the chorale of the same title, written by Luther. The war metaphors with which the text begins, based on psalm 46, soon turned the chorale into the battle song of the Reformation. So no wonder it was sung on 31 October: Reformation Day, which was a festival in Saxony, in Bach’s day. The definitive version of the cantata was built up by Bach over the years. The first version for Leipzig, performed in 1730, was based on music he had already composed in Weimar. The big opening chorus was still missing, but he did add the fifth movement. It was only for a new performance in 1735 that Bach started the cantata with a large-scale opening chorus.

    Military references are found not just in the words, but in the music as well. In the seventeenth century, the oboe was still strongly associated with the army, and Bach used no fewer than three in this cantata. The sound of three oboes playing exactly the same, as in the opening chorus, was a typical ‘marching noise’. The concordant chorus in unison is reminiscent of the uniformity and order of a well trained army. In the midst of instrumental tumult – as in the fifth movement of the cantata – the chorus sounds like a disciplined military unit that marches in perfect synchrony across the battlefield.

    By the way, this performance by the Netherlands Bach Society has become my favorite performance of the piece. My second favorite is the one conducted by Joshua Rifkin (probably the foremost pioneer in the HIP – Historically Informed Performance [Practice] movement) with the Bach Ensemble recorded in September 1985. Rifkin and Shunske Sato (conductor of the piece we’re listening to in this post) both employ OVPP (one voice per part) for the soloists (SATB), but the tempo is noticeably slower. This has pluses and minuses. One positive, in my view, is that it allows the vocal lines to be clearly articulated and differentiated contrasting with the instruments. However, one potential negative is that it can get a bit too languid and the performance may lose some of its dynamic impact on listeners. Also, the instruments seem much more in the background and softer in the Rifkin recording than in this performance conducted by Sato. You can enjoy the Rifkin recording here.

    Ein feste Burg ist unser Gott (“A Mighty Fortress Is Our God”), BWV 80 (also: BWV 80.3),[1] is a chorale cantata for Reformation Day by Johann Sebastian Bach. He reworked it from one of his Weimar cantatas, Alles, was von Gott geboren, BWV 80a (also: BWV 80.1).[2] The first Leipzig version of the church cantata, BWV 80b (also: BWV 80.2),[3] may have been composed as early as 1723, some five months after Bach had moved to Leipzig. Some years later he reworked the cantata one more time, writing an extended chorale fantasia as its opening movement. The text of the BWV 80a version was written by Salomon Franck and contained one stanza of Martin Luther‘s hymnEin feste Burg ist unser Gott“; for his chorale cantata versions, BWV 80b and 80, Bach added the complete text of this Lutheran hymn.

    Bach scored the cantata for four vocal soloists, a four-part choir and a Baroque chamber ensemble of up to three oboes of different kinds, strings and continuo.

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ein_feste_Burg_ist_unser_Gott,_BWV_80

    Netherlands Bach Society
    Shunske Sato, violin and conducting


    Isabel Schicketanz, soprano
    Franz Vitzthum, alto
    Thomas Hobbs, tenor
    Wolf Matthias Friedrich, bass

    0:00 Ein feste Burg (Chor)
    5:23 Mit unser Macht (Arie)
    8:51 Erwäge doch (Rezitativ)
    10:53 Komm in mein Herzenshaus (Arie)
    14:01 Und wenn die Welt (Choral)
    17:10 So stehe dann (Rezitativ)
    18:33 Wie selig sind (Duet)
    22:31 Das Wort sie sollen lassen (Choral)

    Text

    Cantata BWV 80
    Ein’ feste Burg ist unser Gott
    English Translation in Interlinear Format
    Cantata BWV 80 – A mighty fortressis our God
    Event: Feast of the Reformation
    Readings: Epistle: 2 Thessalonians 2: 3-8; Gospel: Revelations 14: 6-8
    Text: Martin Luther (Mvts. 1, 2, 5, 8); Salomo Franck (Mvts. 3, 4, 6, 7)
    1Chorus [S, A, T, B]
    Oboe I-III all’ unisono, Violino I/II, Viola, Violoncello, Violone, Organo
    Ein feste Burg ist unser Gott,
    A mighty fortress is our God,
    Ein gute Wehr und Waffen;
    a good defence and weapon;
    Er hilft uns frei aus aller Not,
    he helps us freely out of the distress
    Die uns itzt hat betroffen.
    that we have now met with.
    Der alte böse Feind,
    The old evil enemy
    Mit Ernst er’s jetzt meint,
    earnestly plots against us,
    Groß Macht und viel List
    great might and many forms of deceit
    Sein grausam Rüstung ist,
    are his fearsome weapons,
    Auf Erd ist nicht seinsgleichen.
    on earth there is none to match him.
    2Aria [Bass] and Chorale [Soprano]
    Oboe, Violino I/II, Viola all’ unisono, Continuo
    Alles, was von Gott geboren,
    All that is born of God
    Ist zum Siegen auserkoren.
    Is destined for victory.
    Mit unsrer Macht ist nichts getan,
    By our own power nothing is accomplished
    Wir sind gar bald verloren.
    We are very soon lost.
    Es streit’ vor uns der rechte Mann,
    the right man fights for us
    Den Gott selbst hat erkoren.
    Whom God himself has chosen.
    Wer bei Christi Blutpanier
    Those who by the bloodstained banner of Christ
    In der Taufe Treu geschworen,
    have sworn faithfulness in baptism
    Siegt im Geiste für und für.
    gain victory in the spirit for ever and ever.
    Fragst du, wer er ist?
    Do you ask who he is?
    Er heißt Jesus Christ,
    he is called Jesus Christ,
    Der Herre Zebaoth,
    the Lord of Sabaoth,
    Und ist kein andrer Gott,
    and there is no other god
    Das Feld muss er behalten.
    He shall hold the field of battle.
    Alles, was von Gott geboren,
    All that is born of God
    Ist zum Siegen auserkoren.
    is destined to victory.
    3Recitative [Bass]
    Continuo
    Erwäge doch, Kind Gottes, die so große Liebe,
    Only consider, child of God how great his love,
    Da Jesus sich
    since Jesus himself
    Mit seinem Blute dir verschriebe,
    with his blood has given his pledge for you,
    Wormit er dich
    by which
    Zum Kriege wider Satans Heer und wider Welt, und Sünde
    for the war against Satan’s army and against the world and sin,
    Geworben hat!
    He has enlisted you!
    Gib nicht in deiner Seele
    Do not give any place in your soul
    Dem Satan und den Lastern statt!
    to Satan and depravity!
    Laß nicht dein Herz,
    Do not let your heart,
    Den Himmel Gottes auf der Erden,
    God’s heaven on earth,
    Zur Wüste werden!
    become a desert!
    Bereue deine Schuld mit Schmerz,
    Repent your guilt with sorrow
    Dass Christi Geist mit dir sich fest verbinde!
    so that Christ’s spirit may be firmly united with you!
    4Aria [Soprano]
    Continuo
    Komm in mein Herzenshaus,
    Come into my heart’s house,
    Herr Jesu, mein Verlangen!
    Lord Jesus, my desire!
    Treib Welt und Satan aus
    Drive out the world and Satan
    Und lass dein Bild in mir erneuert prangen!
    and let you image renewed within me shine in splendour!
    Weg, schnöder Sündengraus!
    Away, loathsome horror of sin!
    5Choral [S, A, T, B]
    Oboe d’amore I/II, Taille, Violino I/II, Viola, Continuo
    Und wenn die Welt voll Teufel wär
    And if the world were full of devils
    Und wollten uns verschlingen,
    and they wanted to devour as
    So fürchten wir uns nicht so sehr,
    then we would not be very afraid,
    Es soll uns doch gelingen.
    we would still be successful.
    Der Fürst dieser Welt,
    The Prince of this world,
    Wie saur er sich stellt,
    however grimly he presents himself
    Tut er uns doch nicht,
    can do nothing against us,
    Das macht, er ist gericht’,
    since he is already condemned,
    Ein Wörtlein kann ihn fällen.
    a little word can fell him.
    6Recitative [Tenor]
    Continuo
    So stehe dann bei Christi blutgefärbten Fahne,
    Then take your stand by Christ’s bloodstained banner,
    O Seele, fest
    O soul, firmly,
    Und glaube, dass dein Haupt dich nicht verlässt,
    and believe that your leader will not forsake you,
    Ja, dass sein Sieg
    yes, that his victory
    Auch dir den Weg zu deiner Krone bahne!
    Will open the way to your crown!
    Tritt freudig an den Krieg!
    March joyfully to war!
    Wirst du nur Gottes Wort
    If only God’s word
    So hören als bewahren,
    is both heard and kept by you
    So wird der Feind gezwungen auszufahren,
    then your enemy wull be forced to withdraw,
    Dein Heiland bleibt dein Hort!
    your saviour remains your protector!
    7Aria (Duet) [Alto, Tenor]
    Continuo
    Wie selig sind doch die, die Gott im Munde tragen,
    How blessed are those who bear God in their mouths,
    Doch selger ist das Herz, das ihn im Glauben trägt!
    but more blessed is the heart that bears God in faith
    Es bleibet unbesiegt und kann die Feinde schlagen
    Such a heart remains unconquered and can strike its enemies
    Und wird zuletzt gekrönt, wenn es den Tod erlegt.
    and will in the end be crowned after death has been defeated.
    8Chorale [S, A, T, B]
    Violino I e Oboe d’amore I, Violino II e Oboe d’amore II, Viola (Taille), Continuo (Organo)
    Das Wort sie sollen lassen stahn
    They shall pay no heed to God’s word
    Und kein’ Dank dazu haben.
    And have no thanks for it.
    Er ist bei uns wohl auf dem Plan
    He is indeed with us on the field of battle
    Mit seinem Geist und Gaben.
    With his Spirit and his gifts.
    Nehmen sie uns den Leib,
    Let them take our body
    Gut, Ehr, Kind und Weib,
    wealth,honour, child and wife
    Laß fahren dahin,
    let them be taken away,
    Sie habens kein’ Gewinn;
    they gain nothing by this;
    Das Reich muss uns doch bleiben.
    The kingdom must still remain ours.
    English Translation by Francis Browne (July 2008)
  • Two-Party Tyranny: America Deserves Better

    Background

    I posit that America is hurting by our two-party political system. For most of the country, there is not even a viable third-party candidate on a local or state level, let alone national. Nearly every single Western democracy has at the very least 3 major political parties, and most have many more. There is certainly an argument that can be made for having too many parties being problematic, but in America we are on the opposite extreme.

    Why do we have two parties? The came into being because the structure of U.S. elections, with one seat tied to a geographic district, tends to lead to dominance by two major political parties. Even when there are other options on the ballot, most voters understand that minor parties have no real chance of winning even a single office. Hence, they vote for candidates of the two major parties in order to support a potential winner. Of the 535 members of the House and Senate, only a handful identify as something other than Republican or Democrat. Third parties have fared no better in presidential elections. No third-party candidate has ever won the presidency. Some historians or political scientists might consider Abraham Lincoln to have been such a candidate, but in 1860, the Republicans were a major party that had subsumed members of earlier parties, such as the Whig Party, and they were the only major party other than the Democratic Party.

    https://pressbooks.online.ucf.edu/pos2041lg/chapter/the-two-party-system/

    For the past 225+ years, America has been locked into the rigid two-party political system. A multiparty system might benefit many Americans, especially the poor and disenfranchised like me. I’ve noticed virtually no politicians seem to truly care about the poor, even the working poor. We’re not even on their radar which is very sad and very frustrating and upsetting.

    The Problem

    Right now if you look at Congressional and Presidential voting the vast majority of Democrats are pro-abortion, pro-LGBT, and in favor of funding social programs. They tend to be lax/liberal on social issues, and liberal on economics. On the other hand, the vast majority of Republicans are anti-abortion, and anti-LGBT (Although sadly this is rapidly changing. Trump courted the LGBT vote and many Congressional Republicans say they support the Supreme Court ruling creating “homosexual marriage”.) and are very conservative on economics.

    Sadly, this results in a terrible field of choices for a voter like me who favors strong social programs which help the poor (I would be homeless or dead without them!), yet is very conservative on social issues. It leaves me burned no matter who I chose. And I refuse to compromise my conscience on major issues so I choose to not vote.

    Another Way

    Theoretically, suppose we had a multiparty system. In that case, I can see strong support for a 3rd party comprised of Christians, moderate Democrats, and Republicans who care for the disabled who can’t work, and the truly poor. As well as supporting conservative Christianity’s orthodox positions on social issues. In my mind, it would be a win-win. Sadly, I doubt I’ll see this dream realized in my lifetime.

    The Medium is the Message

    We live in a hyper-partisan age where social media video/audio clips (a few minutes long) and television sound bites define the majority of our political discourse sadly. They have an enormous influence on political elections and the mechanics of politics in general. A great book on how corporate and other nefarious interests use the media to brainwash and manipulate people and how the media itself becomes the reality is “The Media Is the Massage” by Marshall McLuhan and Quentin Fiore. It rearticulates McLuhan’s seminal idea of his book “Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man” first published in 1964.

    McLuhan’s theory, which I think has been proven by events of the past 60 years, is basically this:

    McLuhan uses the term ‘message’ to signify content and character. The content of the medium is a message that can be easily grasped and the character of the medium is another message which can be easily overlooked. McLuhan says “Indeed, it is only too typical that the ‘content’ of any medium blinds us to the character of the medium”. For McLuhan, it was the medium itself that shaped and controlled “the scale and form of human association and action”. Taking the movie as an example, he argued that the way this medium played with conceptions of speed and time transformed “the world of sequence and connections into the world of creative configuration and structure”. Therefore, the message of the movie medium is this transition from “lineal connections” to “configurations.” Extending the argument for understanding the medium as the message itself, he proposed that the “content of any medium is always another medium” – thus, speech is the content of the writing, writing is the content of print, and print itself is the content of the telegraph.

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_medium_is_the_message

    By the way, if you’re interested in better understanding McLuhan’s work (which is eerily prescient in what he predicted would happen) check out this film, “The Medium Is The Message” which he made in 1967. McLuhan discusses his ideas concerning his earlier book “The media is the message.” It’s like he was able to look 55 years into the future!

    Gridlock

    Due to the polarization of the two political parties and the significant reduction in recent decades in the moderate members of each party, we have a great deal more government gridlock where good bills that would help people fail due to strict party voting vis a vis the partisan mentality that so dominates the minds of our legislators. This also affects the president’s passing or vetoing legislation. Embarrassingly, in recent years, we’ve seen the federal government shutdown precisely because of the increase in hyper-partisanship in our parties and the ensuing gridlock it produces.

    Demagoguery

    One thing I’ve noticed in my lifetime (particularly with respect to presidential and congressional elections) is the way, tragically, that demagoguery (appealing to the worst prejudices and enflamed emotions of the populace) has become a tool politicians use to garner support and attack their opponents. It used to be that political rivals would stick to the issues and say why they are the better choice. Now most politicians at the levels I mentioned engage in character assassination, discuss personal issues and personally verbally attack their opponents, discuss matters that are not relevant to the election, go out of their way to demonize their opponents, and talk negatively about them continuously, use the media to demonize their opponent, take a scorched earth policy where nothing is off limits, etc. For a sad example of this type of behavior see my blog post from last year on Dr. Oz:

    This demagoguery has truly poisoned our entire political process. It ensures that the most hot-headed, belligerrant, and acrimonious of candidates win. This goes hand in hand with the role of the media who are supposed to be neutral observers who desseminate the news. Now the media are active partisan agents directly creating or trying to manipulate how the news is perceived.

    Party-Line Voting

    I live in a city that sadly has been dominated for the past 80 years (the last time a Republican was mayor) by party-line voting. Where people are brainwashed from the time they are young, through adolescence, and even into college that their family has consistently voted for Party X, and Party X members should get their votes regardless of Party X’s beliefs or political platform. This type of reasoning ensures that the most unqualified and horrible politicians will attain power. For Pittsburgh residents, you’ll understand when I say that only in Pittsburgh could a Sophie Masloff or a Luke Ravenstahl attain power. We should teach our children to think critically. They should learn how to test and evaluate a political candidate’s beliefs and use their own logical reasoning and morality/faith as determinative in deciding a candidate’s worthiness for office. But sadly we live in an age where people live almost solely on emotions.

    The Trump Effect or the Trumpification of the Republican Party

    I hate to say it, as a lifelong conservative voter, but the election of President Trump perfectly illustrates virtually every single point I’ve raised in this post. I just spoke about demagoguery and Trump is the master of that sadly! He is infamous for not respecting his political opponents (even fellow Republicans in the primary elections) and personally denigrating them, making racist, misogynistic, and sexist remarks about females’ genitalia, mocking disabled reporters, attacking anyone who disagrees with him (or asking a question he doesn’t approve of), making outrageous assertions, etc.

    Trump was without doubt the single worse thing to happen to the Republican party in the 21st century so far. He also has a penchant for “getting revenge” with fellow Republicans who voted in favor of his two impeachments, or just those he didn’t feel kowtowed to him and did his bidding in Congress. He has gone out of his way to “destroy them” and unseat them from power. This type of pettiness is inappropriate and juvenile.

    Trump made popular, and increased more than his predecessors did, the hyper-partisanship and lack of tolerance for more moderate views. In fact, it was as much a fundamental piece of his platform as anything else. During the Trump administration, there have been several Stalin-like purges in the Republican party of those deemed not loyal to Trump. He has a huge ego and is probably a megalomaniac. I say this as someone who voted for Trump for his first term in office.

    As a Reformed conservative Christian, I found almost more to dislike in terms of Trump’s personality and ethics than I did in his political opponents. Despite the attempts by many in the Christian Right to baptize him as it were and claim he’s a Christian, I have seen zero evidence or fruit of repentance. Trump doesn’t think, talk, or act like a believer because he isn’t one. Trump comes across as an arrogant, belligerent, and bombastic bully who will try to personally destroy you if you cross him in some way whether real or imagined. This is hardly a person living for Christ and daily dying to his sin.

    Trump did some good things for which I am thankful (such as appointing conservative Supreme Court Justices who eventually were able to overturn the Roe vs Wade decision which legalized abortion as a federal right in America in 1973), yet I feel future Reformed Christians will look back on the Trump years as a tragic mistake.

    I’ve mentioned Trump because his rise to power perfectly illustrates all that is wrong with our current two-party political system. Trump might still have attained power in a multiparty system, but it would have been much harder. If we had honest media coupled with a better education system, he would not have attained power.

    Trump showed how the two parties no longer tolerate significant (or one could argue even minor) dissent from the party platform. Those who were one day in the party’s good graces, found themselves the next day as an ostracized outsiders, an enemy after failing to uphold the party line. This is intellectually a very dangerous way to think. I see many parallels between the rise of Hitler and the Nazi Party and how they operated with Trump’s rise to power and how the Republican party of today behaves. Trump certainly seems to be a fan of the Big Lie (often attributed to Nazi chief propagandist Joseph Goebbels).

    Conclusion

    I believe I’ve made a strong case for why the historic two-party political system has failed us badly. It’s time for a change. Please teach your children and grandchildren to think critically and teach them to never compromise their faith for any reason, such as political expediency.

    I have witnessed the dramatic change in our country’s political discourse within my own lifetime. I clearly recall as a child watching the Iran-Contra Congressional hearings with my Daddy in the 1980s. Even though it was a partisan action that could potentially cause President Reagan to be impeached or forced to resign as President Nixon did, the discourse between Democrats and Republicans had much less rancor and no personal acrimony as you’d find today. Back then each party had a significant amount of moderates and Republicans and Democrats were friends and got along on a personal level.

    Do you agree or disagree that President Trump has had a net negative effect on the Republican party? Do you think a multiparty system would help solve our problems?

    Further Reading

    If you’d like to read about the issues raised in this post in an in-depth format please check out “The Tyranny of the Two-Party System” by Lisa J. Disch. It’s published by Columbia University Press. Lisa Jane Disch is an associate professor of political science at the University of Minnesota. She argues that the two-party system as we know it dates only to the 20th century and that it thwarts democracy by wasting votes and silencing the voices of dissenters from the two parties.

    Addendum

    As a Reformed Christian I am trying to act and think in a way that glorifies God. I must constantly be challenging myself with the example of Christ my Lord and Savior. I believe we need to apply this same rigor and criticality to our whole political process. I’ve talked about the institutions that have failed us, but ultimately it is our fault. The greatest sin lies with us for tolerating wickedness. We must stop compromising our faith by voting for candidates who are clearly not Christians. I believe Scripture compels us to vote exclusively for fellow believers. And when we are supporting or even casually discussing politics we should always season our words with grace. We should not demonize fellow Republicans, nor even Democrats. We should proclaim the truth, and vote for those who we feel the Holy Spirit and our God-given reason are moving us to support and leave the rest up to God’s sovereignty.

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  • The United States of Babylon

    Is this the place where freedom lies
    Beneath the wicked cocaine skies

    The land of the free
    Freedom to sin and create misery

    The love of God and country has long grown cold
    For most in this Satanic fold

    Where have you gone halcyon days
    Now we live in a haze

    Wrong is right and the insane are sane
    This is the madness of America’s brain

    Vice rules the days
    Pursued with zealousness in myriad ways

    Once we had a godly nation
    Now it has become an abomination

    Do as thou wilt has become the slogan of our time
    This demonic refrain should be a crime

    The strong prey on the weak
    Yet Jesus said blessed are the meek

    God is not mocked
    This nation shall soon be defrocked

    A small remnant of God’s family is still here
    The Lord’s return is nearer every day so let’s cheer

    Christ shall appear at the last trumpet’s blast
    Godly people stand steadfast

    The armies of Satan shall fall like wheat being chaffed
    By the power of Jesus’ words shall they be slayed

    But for now the United States of Babylon continues its descent
    The only hope for America is for its people to repent

    by Zachary Uram
    (c) 2023

  • Christmas in Yellowstone

    I arrive at Yellowstone
    On a cold and sunny morning
    It’s Christmas Eve
    Here I will celebrate Christ’s birth

    I spot a majestic eagle
    Soaring above
    If only I could see with its eyes
    To experience such freedom and exhilaration

    The eagle circles above
    It’s on the hunt
    Suddenly the great bird swoops down
    And catches a plump rabbit in its talons

    I walk into a valley
    Covered in two feet of snow
    My snow shoes help but my progress is slow
    Pine trees tower above the ridge

    I came across a mother grizzly and her cubs
    I’m sure to stay upwind from them
    My distance is respectful
    The cubs are enjoying the snow

    I see an energetic red-tailed fox
    It leaps into the air
    And down under the snow
    It emerges with a mouse for its meal

    After traversing the valley
    I come across a grove of pine trees
    I’ll make my home here for the night
    It has cover from the wind and snow

    I create a hut using pine branches
    And the tarp I brought in my backpack
    Good thing I have a sleeping bag
    This shall make for a cozy home

    At the lake I catch some rainbow trout
    I make a fire and fry the fish in a pan
    I season it with a pack of herbs and spices I had
    It was the best fish I ever ate

    Evening is now approaching so I go back to my hut
    There by kerosene lamp I read the Christmas story
    In the Gospel of Luke
    I feel at peace and thankful for my Lord and Savior Jesus

    I am struck by the blissful silence of my environment
    I enjoyed the solitude, but only for a season
    I have a wonderful feeling of serenity
    I am happy to be alive

    I wake up after a sound night’s sleep
    It’s Christmas day
    I pack up my things and head home
    This was an experience I’ll never forget

    by Zachary Uram
    (c) 2023

  • A Spring Journey

    The rain falls gently down
    Covering hills of green and brown
    The air smells fresh and new
    Like early morning dew

    A songbird chirps a sweet melody
    It seems to recognize me
    I love being connected to nature
    There is nothing greater

    Observing God’s glorious creation
    Fills me with elation
    All this was made for man
    Following God’s master plan

    We must be good stewards of the earth
    From our dying days to our birth
    Pollution must be limited
    In this task, we must be committed

    Walking slowly in the park
    I spotted a lone lark
    It was standing near a daisy
    Looking rather lazy

    Eventually subsides the rain
    I noticed I feel less emotional pain
    A dazzling rainbow stretches across the sky
    It delights my eye

    I rest under a mighty oak tree
    Free from misery
    What history this oak has seen
    Rivaled only by the secrets in my gene

    I slowly make my way home
    Today ’twas lovely to roam
    I’ll cherish these memories forever
    They shall always bring me such pleasure

    by Zachary Uram
    (c) 2023